The ECE R.100 Rev.2 / UNR100 (Regulation No 100 - Uniform provisions concerning the approval of battery electric vehicles with regard to specific requirements for the construction, functional safety and hydrogen emission ) is covered by the GTR N°20 also called EVS-GTR.
This second edition implements significant changes to the type approval process for motor vehicles and rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS).
The regulation provides a separate certification pathway for RESS (most commonly rechargeable batteries) and introduces a number of tests that are exclusively applicable to these systems.
With the introduction of these new testing requirements, which go into effect in July 2014 and become mandatory in July 2016, the responsibility for obtaining approval for a rechargeable battery may also shift to the RESS manufacturer.
The reference document defines the 9 different types of tests in its Annex 8 (8A to 8I) and the conditions under which they must be performed.
The Emitech Group takes care of all these tests. The diversity of our equipment allows us to use the test equipment with the most suitable specifications for the characteristics of the cells and batteries entrusted to us.
We thus propose you costs corresponding to the means engaged and in the respect of your constraints of deadlines.
The purpose of this test is to verify the safety performance of the REESS under a vibration environment which the REESS will likely experience during the normal operation of the vehicle.
The tested-device shall be firmly secured to the platform of the vibration machine in such a manner as to ensure that the vibrations are directly transmitted to the tested-device.
The tested-devices shall be subjected to a vibration having a sinusoidal waveform with a logarithmic sweep between 7 Hz and 50 Hz and back to 7 Hz traversed in 15 minutes. This cycle shall be repeated 12 times for a total of 3 hours.
See our vibration capabilities.
In addition, our design offices can take care of the design of the mounting parts. This step is essential for the good realization of the tests.
The purpose of this test is to verify the resistance of the REESS to sudden changes in temperature. The REESS shall undergo a specified number of temperature cycles, which start at ambient temperature followed by high and low temperature cycling. It simulates a rapid environmental temperature change which a REESS would likely experience during its life.
The tested-device shall be stored for at least 6 hours at a test temperature equal to 60 ± 2 °C or higher if requested by the manufacturer, followed by storage for at least 6 hours at a test temperature equal to – 40 ± 2 °C or lower if requested by the manufacturer. The maximum time interval between test temperature extremes shall be 30 minutes. This procedure shall be repeated until a minimum of 5 total cycles are completed, after which the tested-device shall be stored for 24 hours at an ambient temperature of 20 ± 10 °C.
After the storage for 24 hours, a standard cycle as described in the appendix to Annex 8 shall be conducted, if not inhibited by the tested-device.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions of the test environment.
The purpose of this test is to verify the safety performance of the REESS under inertial loads which may occur during a vehicle crash.
The purpose is to verify the safety performance of the battery (SRSEE) under inertial loads that may occur under vehicle crash conditions. The device under test is accelerated or decelerated to speeds specified in the tables accompanying the regulation, and the actual gravitational force is compared to the values specified in Appendix 8C.
Our design offices can take care of the design of the mounting parts. This step is essential for the good realization of the tests.
The purpose of this test is to verify the safety performance of the REESS under contact loads which may occur during vehicle crash situation.
The tested-device shall be crushed between a resistance and a crush plate with a force of at least 100 kN, but not exceeding 105 kN (unless otherwise specified), with an onset time less than 3 minutes and a hold time of at least 100 ms but not exceeding 10 s.
A higher crush force, a longer onset time, a longer hold time, or a combination of these, may be applied. The application of the force shall be determined by direction of travel of the REESS relative to its installation in the vehicle. The application force being applied horizontally and perpendicular to the direction of travel of the REESS.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions of the test environment.
The purpose of this test is to verify the resistance of the REESS, against exposure to fire from outside of the vehicle due to e.g. a fuel spill from a vehicle (either the vehicle itself or a nearby vehicle). This situation should leave the driver and passengers with enough time to evacuate.
The device under test is subjected to direct and indirect exposure to a flame produced by the combustion of a commercial fuel.
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the short circuit protection. This functionality, if implemented, shall interrupt or limit the short circuit current to prevent the REESS from any further related severe events caused by short circuit current.
The device under test is intentionally shorted by connecting the positive and negative terminals of the device, using a connection with a specified resistance.The short circuit condition shall be continued until the operation of the REESS's protection function to interrupt or limit the short circuit current is confirmed, or for at least 1 hour after the temperature measured on the casing of the tested-device has stabilised.
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the overcharge protection.
The charging shall be continued until the tested-device (automatically) interrupts or limits the charging. Where an automatic interrupt function fails to operate, or if there is no such function the charging shall be continued until the tested-device is charged to twice of its rated charge capacity.
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the over-discharge protection. This functionality, if implemented, shall interrupt or limit the discharge current to prevent the REESS from any severe events caused by a too low SOC as specified by the manufacturer.
The device under test is discharged until it interrupts or limits the discharge, or when the device is discharged to 25 per cent of its nominal voltage level.
The purpose of this test is to verify the performance of the protection measures of the REESS against internal overheating during the operation, even under the failure of the cooling function if applicable. In the case that no specific protection measures are necessary to prevent the REESS from reaching an unsafe state due to internal over-temperature, this safe operation must be demonstrated.
The device under test is repeatedly charged and discharged with a constant current to raise the temperature of the cells. The device is then placed in a convection oven or climate chamber, and the temperature of the oven or chamber is gradually increased to a predetermined level.
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) is one of the five regional commissions of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). It consists of 56 member states: European countries, plus the United States, Canada, Israel, Turkey, and the former Soviet republics of the Caucasus and Central Asia.
The aim of this commission is to converge the approval procedures between the member states.
Three UN agreements, adopted in 1958, 1997 and 1998, provide the legal framework for the WP.29 to establish regulatory instruments concerning motor vehicles and their equipment.
WP.29 has created six permanent GR working groups in charge of examining specialised tasks and composed of people with specific expertise with the GRSP for passive safety (which is evolving the GTR N°20) or the GRPE for pollution and energy (which is steering the GTR N°15).
The monitoring of the GTR N°20 provides an overview of the progress of this objective: ECE/TRANS/180/Add.20 (and its annex ECE/TRANS/180/Add.20/Appendix 1)
Revision 3 of the ECE R100 regulation is currently being developed.
The work of the EVS-GTR is part of a worldwide harmonisation of regulations relating to the safety of electric vehicles.
They are taking place in two phases. The conclusions of phase 1 were published in 2018 in GTR No. 20 and should result in the next revision of ECE R100. The work in phase 2 addresses the remaining issues.
Electrical safety
Electric shock protection, post-crash safety, operational safety, REESS installation, etc.
Battery safetyBattery testing requirements (thermal shock, vibration, external short circuit, overcharge, overdischarge, overheating, overcurrent, low temperature, gas management, thermal propagation, fire resistance, post-crash, etc.)
| ECE R100rev2 | EVS-GTR Phase1 | |
| Vibration | Yes | Yes |
| Thermal shock | Yes | Yes |
| Fire resistance | Yes | Modified |
| External short circuit | Yes | Yes |
| Overload protection | Yes | Modified |
| Excessive discharge protection | Yes | Modified |
| Overheating protection | Yes | Modified |
| Overcurrent protection | x | New |
| Low temperature features | x | New |
| Hydrogen emission | Yes | Yes |
| Crash - mechanical shock | Yes | Yes |
| Crash - mechanical integrity | Yes | Yes |
| Thermal propagation | x | New |
| Warning requirement | x | New |
Remaining issues from phase 1
Thermal propagation, water immersion, vibration profile (vibration modes), gas toxicity (Identification and quantification of gas emissions during battery failure), high voltage safety, charging safety, turnaround, post-accident rescue safety, L6 / L7 requirements, overcurrent (new items).
Category L includes motorbikes and mopeds, as well as off-road vehicles (quads) and other small motor vehicles with three or four wheels
For the batteries of these vehicles, the same types of tests apply with different specifications and some additional tests.
They are specified in the ECE R136 regulation in Annex 8 and 9:
Located in the heart of the North Franche Comté automotive cluster, R&D Moteurs was inaugurated on October 28, 2011 in Brognard.
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